The context of the URBANE project is given by the need to reduce the negative effects of the recent strong increase in urban freight transport, due to e-commerce and the ensuring growth of parcel delivery services. The final stage in the parcel delivery process, known as the last-mile, involves delivering the package to the ultimate recipient. The service requirements will depend on the type of product and type of transaction, business-to-consumer (B2C), business-to-business (B2B), or consumer-to-consumer (C2C). Last-mile logistics usually encompasses a large network of interrelated participants, each with numerous
interactions and mutual dependencies.
EC Approval Pending